The Mukden Palace or Shenyang Gugong, also known as the Shenyang Imperial Palace China tour deals,
is the former imperial palace of the early Qing emperors before moving
their capital to Beijing. It was built in 1625 and home to the first
three emperors (who lived there from 1625 to 1644) of the Qing Dynasty
(1644-1911) of China.
Early construction began in 1625 by
Nurhaci. By 1631, additional structures were added under Emperor Huang
Taiji. The Mukden Palace was built to resemble the Forbidden City in
Beijing. However, the palace also exhibits hints of Manchurian and
Tibetan styles. After the Qing Dynasty replaced the Ming Dynasty in 1644
in Beijing, the Mukden palace lost its status as the official residence
of the Emperor. Instead, the Mukden Palace became a regional palace. In
1780, Emperor Qianlong further expanded the palace. Successive Qing
dynasty emperors usually stayed at Mukden Palace for some time each
year. Since the end of monarchy in China, the palace was converted to a
museum that lies in the center of Shenyang city, Liaoning province. The
museum has more than 300 Manchu-style buildings, covers an area of
60,000 square meters, and boasts more than 10,000 relics. In 2004, it
was included on the UNESCO World Heritage List as an extension of the
Imperial Palace site, or the Forbidden City, in Beijing China best tours.
Straight
through the main gate at the far end of the courtyard is the main
architecture on the east axis, the octagonal Dazhengdian (Hall of Great
Affairs) with its coffered ceiling and an elaborate throne, built during
the reign period of Nurharchi. It was here that Emperor Shunzhi was
crowned before setting off to cross the Great Wall in 1644. On the
central axis is the Chongzheng Hall, where Abahai attended to his
political affairs; behind is the three towers Fenghuanglou (Phoenix
Tower), and Qingninggong (Palace of Celestial Peace) in which Abahai and
his concubines lived -- construction of these structures were completed
during the reign period of Huangtaiji (the 8th son of Nurharchi).
In the courtyard in front of the hall are the Banner Pavilions popular China travel package,
formerly administrative offices used by tribal chieftains. They now
house displays of 17thand 18th-century military equipments, swords, and
bows. The central courtyard west of Dazheng Hall contains a conference
hall, some living quarters, and some shamanist structures. The courtyard
to the western fringe is a residential area added on by Emperor
Qianlong in the 18thcentury, and the Wenshu Gallery to the rear housed a
copy of the Qianlong anthology. The front part of the Imperial Palace
was built on the ground, while the rear part was on a 4-meter-tall
support; showing a link to the customs of the Manchus who lived on
mountain slopes.
Differing from the Palace Museum in Beijing, the
Shenyang palace widely uses the five-color glazed tiles and its gables
are made of bricks. Meanwhile it boasts of a double-heating system by
using "kang (heatable brick beds)" and heatable floors. For example,
there are "Wan Zi Kangs" in the west four rooms of the Qingninggong. The
kangs are connected to each other in the south, west and north sides.
This reflects the old living customs of the Manchus. Famous for its
strong characteristics of the Man nationality and its abundant cultural
relics, the Shenyang Palace Museum now functions as a museum and
exhibits a huge collection of ivory and jade art crafts, musical
instruments, furniture, and Ming and Qing paintings. For instance, "The
Tiger-veined Double-Edged Sword" is the most famous among all artifacts
used by Nurhachu, the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty. "The Nurhachu's
imperial jade seal" is square in shape with a dragon-buttoned ribbon on
it. The seal face is carved with Man and Han languages, which are
intricately laid out with power and grandeur. There are also such
valuable cultural relics as waist sword, bow and arrow, "imperial jade
seal, "jade belt" and the chimes, bells, etc.
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