The Tujia people living along the Qingjiang River in today's Changyang County, Hubei Province affordable China tours,
still offer sacrifice in their boats. The deity they worship is the
Wuluo Zhongli Mountain nearby, where they believe their ancestor Lin Jun
was born. Many activities today are symbolic rather than being heavy
and magical in remote antiquity. History has recorded the religion,
belief and customs of ancient ethnic groups.
Shiben (Origin of the
World), compiled by the Qin and Han people and after which Sima Qian of
the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-25 AD) wrote his Historical Records,
said that there were two caves in the Wuluo Zhongli Mountain, one was
red, the other black. The first king of the Ba State Lin Jun was born in
the red cave. The Ba people were composed of five family groups with
different surnames. Lin Jun, due to his accuracy in throwing swords and
leading positions in boat-racing, became the leader of the five groups.
Now the red cave and the temple to worship Lin Jun can still be found.
Standing on the Wuluo Zhongli Mountain and looking far into the dark
blue Qingjiang River, one can be lost in history.
To the east of Wuluo Zhongli Mountain China Photo Tour and
on a platform of the Qingjiang River Valley, people found the
Xianglushi (Stone used as an incense burner) Cultural Ruins, which cover
an area of 70 square meters. From the articles unearthed there, we can
vividly see the ancient scenes as recorded in historical documents. The
huge oracle bones were mainly sculptured from gill covering of big fish
or tortoise shells. This, to some degree, shows the fishing and hunting
life of the early-stage Ba people. The oracle fish bone has not been
found in any other ruins of the same period.
For the Ba people,
migration was as important as war. Previous archaeological surveys came
to the conclusion that the Ba people entered the Yangtze River by way of
the juncture where the Qingjiang River joins the Yangtze. However, some
later facts reversed this conclusion. Archaeologists believed that the
ancient Yangtze River had a larger volume of water than today and
landslides occurred time and again. Therefore, it was hardly possible
for the ancient Ba people to go upstream among turbulent rivers and
treacherous shoals in their simple canoes.
On the contrary, there is proof that the Ba people entered the Yangtze River Yangtze River tour through
the Daxi. The Daxi has become a dry river bed today and is situated
about 30 km to the east of Qutang Gorge. In the past, it moved toward
the Qingjiang River, parallel to the Yangtze River. Going across the
watershed between the Qingjiang and Yangtze rivers, Daxi entered Enshi.
The Enshi section was available for navigation until the 5th century.
During the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC-476 BC), Ba troops were
frequently spotted in Zhijiang, Songzi and Jiangling of Hubei Province.
So we can say that the Ba people went eastward along the Daxi.
The
Yangtze River became a new starting point for the Ba people. The
usually strong Ba people began a pastoral life on two banks of the
Yangtze River. They planted rice and oats, collected mulberries to raise
silkworms and brewed wine with high-quality grain. As they got abundant
food to eat, they used their surplus rice to make cosmetics. At
intervals of wars, the Ba women would try their best to show their
beauty.
According to archaeologists, the Ba people set up their
homes mainly on tributaries of the Yangtze River as they first entered
the area. The relatively weak Ba people found flat platforms and fertile
soil convenient for living. Later, the Ba became prosperous in division
and unity with the Chu and Shu states. As a result, they built capitals
in Fengdu, Zhongxian and Fuling along the river.
Chongqing, now
the largest industrial and commercial city in west China, used to be the
most important capital of the Ba State and called Jiangzhou. Though
more than 2,000 years have passed, we can still feel the enthusiasm and
straightforwardness of the men and beauty of the women in the city. The
residential houses supported by wooden columns, the boats connecting
with each other and the endless stone stages may remind us of the past
Ba life style.
In history, any ethnic group which adored war would
never cease migrating. In the following hundreds and thousands of
years, the Ba people covered nearly half of China. But later their force
gradually decreased.
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